Injury Mechanisms of Hip Fractures in India / 대한고관절학회지

Purpose@#Hip fractures are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly; however, the current literature on the injury patterns of hip fractures in India is lacking. Understanding the injury profile of these patients is important to develop targeted interventions to prevent hip fractures. @*Materials and Methods@#This was a prospective study of all hip fracture patients aged 50 years or older admitted from February 2019 to December 2019. Details about the injury were recorded by an in-person interview.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with any particular injury mechanism. @*Results@#Two hundred and eighty-three hip fractures were included. The mechanism of injury for the majority of patients was a fall from a standing height (n=217, 76.7%) while 60 patients (21.2%) were injured as the result of a road traffic accident (RTA). Slipping on a wet floor (n=49, 22.6%) and change in posture (n=35, 16.1%) were the most commonly reported reasons for falling. Pedestrian injuries were the most common form of RTA (n=29, 48.3%). Increasing age (P<0.001) and female sex (P=0.001) were associated with fall as the mode of injury while sustaining another fracture in addition to hip fracture (P=0.032) was associated with RTA as the mode of injury. @*Conclusion@#A fall from standing height is the predominant mode of injury among elderly hip fractures especially among women. Environmental hazards and postural changes are responsible for the majority of falls while pedestrian accidents contribute to a majority of the RTAs.

Role of percutaneous cerclage wire in the management of subtrochanteric fractures treated with intramedullary nails / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>PURPOSE</b>Cerclage wire application has emerged as a potential therapeutic adjunct to intramedullary nailing for subtrochanteric fractures. But its popularity is plagued by the concern of possible negative effect on fracture zone biology. This study was intended to analyze the clinico-radiological outcome and complications associated with cerclage wire application.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective analysis was performed on all the subtrochanteric fractures operated with intramedullary nailing between January 2012 and January 2016. After exclusion, 48 patients were available with an average follow-up of 20.8 months. Long oblique, spiral, spiral wedge or comminuted fracture configurations with butterfly fragments were particularly considered for cerclage wire application, which was employed by percutaneous cerclage passer in 21 patients. Assessment was done in terms of operation time, blood loss, quality of reduction, neck-shaft angle, follow-up redisplacement, union time, complications, and final functional evaluation by Merle d'Aubigne'-Postel score.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Average operation time and blood loss were significantly higher in cerclage group (p < 0.05). However, cerclage use substantially improved quality of reduction in terms of maximum cortical displacement (p = 0.003) and fracture angulation (p = 0.045); anatomical reduction was achieved in 95.23% of cases as compared to 74.07% without cerclage. Union time was shorter, although not statistically different (p = 0.208), in cerclage group. Four patients in non-cerclage group developed non-union, 2 of them had nail breakage. No infection or any other implant related complications were reported with cerclage use.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Minimally-invasive cerclage wire application has proved to be beneficial for anatomical reconstruction in difficult subtrochanteric fractures, whenever applicable, without any harmful effect on fracture biology.</p>

Multiple floating metatarsals: a unique injury / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Concomitant dislocation of the tarsometatarsal and metatarsophalangeal joints of foot is an extremely rare injury. Such injuries presenting in a single or adjacent dual rays have been described in few cases previously. We describe such an injury in adjacent three metatarsals of a polytrauma patient. These injuries are likely to be missed in the initial assessment of a polytrauma patient. These patients are at risk of an overlooked diagnosis but the consequences of missing this type of injury may be quite severe. This case is presented in view of its uniqueness along with possible mechanism of injury, the sequence of reduction and follow-up. Knowledge of such injury and its proper management may be useful to the trauma surgeons.

Orthopaedic surgeon's nightmare: iatrogenic fractures of talus and medial malleolus following tibial nailing / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Intramedullary interlocking nailing is the gold standard for treatment of tibial shaft fractures. The growing use of intramedullary nailing has resulted in an increased number of tibial nailing in daily clinical practice. Despite adequate surgeon experience, tibial nailing is not without complications if proper techniques are not followed. A case of iatrogenic talar neck and medial malleolus fractures during intramedullary nailing of tibia in a 24-year-old male is reported. It is believed to be caused by forceful hammering of insertion zig with foot dorsiflexed. To the best of our knowledge, no such case has been reported in the literature. It is possible to reduce the risk of this complication by adoption of preventive measures.

A new technique for insertion of barrel plate over dynamic hip/compression lag screw: a case report / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Dynamic hip/compression screw (DHS/DCS) is one of the most commonly performed surgeries in orthopaedic practice. Sliding barrel plate over the DHS/DCS lag screw is one of the very crucial and at times uncomfor-table and time consuming steps of DHS/DCS surgery especially when it comes to inexperienced surgeons and residents. Also in developing countries where not all standard instrumentation is always available, this crucial step becomes more time consuming. Here we present a case report of 58-year-old male patient with intertrochanteric fracture, in which we used a new device for insertion of barrel plate over DHS/DCS lag screw and found that a small DHS/DCS lag screw extension (sliding jig of barrel plate) can be very helpful to slide barrel plate over the DHS/DCS lag screw.

Posterior dislocation of the hip with ipsilateral displaced femoral neck fracture / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Traumatic posterior dislocation of hip associated with ipsilateral displaced femoral neck fracture is a rare injury. Moreover, the management of such patients evokes strong views regarding primary replacement or preserving the femoral head. We presented a case of young adult with such an injury. He was operated upon with reduction of the dislocation and fixation of femoral neck fracture with the help of cancellous screws. Two years later, the fracture had united and the patient was asymptomatic. We further proposed the mechanism of injury for such a fracture and discussed the management in the changing trauma scenario of the developing world.